Climate zones
The closer to the equator, the warmer; the closer to the pole, the colder. That gives climate zones: tropical, dry, temperate, cold and polar. Belgium lies in the temperate zone.
Why
Your friend from Antwerp is travelling to a tropical country this summer and her cousin to the north of Norway. Why do they pack such different clothes?
In some places on Earth it is warm all year, in others almost always cold. How warm it is depends mainly on how high the sun climbs there, and that depends on how far you live from the equator.
Places with a similar climate often lie in wide bands around the Earth. We call those bands climate zones. Each zone has its own kind of climate chart.
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